Related Terms

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Background

• Arsenic is a semi-metallic chemical that occurs naturally in the environment within the earth's crust, in water, and even in smoke from volcanoes. It may be found in soil, water, and human foods, such as chicken. People may become exposed to arsenic by eating or drinking it, breathing it in, and, in rare cases, touching it. People are regularly exposed to arsenic in small doses and can usually metabolize and excrete it without ill-health effects.
• However, exposure to too much arsenic may be deadly. Acute poisoning may kill humans quickly, while long-term exposure to certain levels of arsenic may lead to a medical condition called arsenicosis. Arsenicosis may eventually lead to various illnesses (e.g., cancer) or possibly death. Arsenic is a particularly insidious toxin because, depending on its form, it may be odorless, colorless, and flavorless.
• Arsenic inhibits essential metabolic enzymes, so it affects many different organs in the body. It leads to the destruction of cells and DNA. Studies have linked prolonged exposure to arsenic with cancer and interrupted fetus development. Other studies have linked arsenic ingestion and exposure to damage to the liver, brain, bladder, lungs, skin, and gastrointestinal system.
• Several industries use and produce arsenic. For instance, the wood industry uses the toxin to preserve wood against insects, bacteria, and fungi. Other products that use arsenic or arsenic compounds are electronic devices, such as circuit boards and semiconductors for telecommunications, as well as ammunition and feed for chickens. Farmers primarily used arsenic as a pesticide until the 1940s. It was also used to produce bottles to decolorize glass.
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Technique

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Theory/Evidence

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Health Impact/Safety

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Future Research or Applications

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Author Information

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References

Natural Standard developed the above evidence-based information based on a thorough systematic review of the available scientific articles. For comprehensive information about alternative and complementary therapies on the professional level, go to www.naturalstandard.com. Selected references are listed below.

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